Wound Treatment Associate (WTA) Practice Exam

What is a common risk factor for developing pressure injuries?

1. Increased activity levels

2. Good nutrition and hydration

3. Sensory loss or cognitive impairment

4. Frequent position changes

The correct answer is: Sensory loss or cognitive impairment

Developing pressure injuries is often linked to several risk factors, and sensory loss or cognitive impairment is particularly significant in this context. Individuals who experience sensory loss may not be aware of discomfort or pressure developing on certain areas of their body due to immobility or prolonged sitting or lying. Similarly, cognitive impairment can reduce a person's ability to recognize their need to shift position or to respond appropriately when discomfort arises. As a result, these individuals may remain in one position for extended periods, increasing the risk of skin breakdown and pressure ulcer formation. In contrast, increased activity levels generally help distribute pressure more evenly across different body parts, thereby reducing the risk of pressure injuries. Likewise, good nutrition and hydration contribute to skin integrity and wound healing, which are protective factors against the development of pressure injuries. Finally, frequent position changes are a key preventative measure that effectively diminishes prolonged pressure on any single area of the skin, further lowering risk. Understanding these factors can greatly aid in identifying and managing patients at risk for pressure injuries.